Exam Topics in Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery (I-II)
(English, general medicine)
I.
1. Anatomy and physical examination of the auricle, external auditory canal and tympanic membrane.
2. Anatomy and physiology of the middle ear, function and physical examination of the Eustachian tube.
3. Classical examination of hearing: whispered talk, normal talk, tuning fork tests. Basics of the physiology of hearing.
4. Pure tone audiometry, tympanometry. Subjective and objective hearing tests.
5. Indications and types of hearing aids.
6. Objective hearing tests. Tympanometry and Evoked Response Audiometry.
7. Anatomy and physiology of the vestibular system. Harmonic and disharmonic vestibular syndrome.
8. Fundamental examination tools of otoneurology.
9. Diseases of the auricle and the external auditory canal.
10. Acute and chronic otitis media with effusion. The use of tympanostomy (Grommet) tube. Tympanosclerosis.
11. The clinical course and treatment of acute purulent otitis media. Paracentesis.
12. Types of chronic otitis media.
13. Complications of purulent acute and chronic otitis media.
14. Differentiation of central and peripheral facial nerve palsy. Causes of peripheral facial nerve palsy, differential diagnosis.
15. Mastoidectomy and radical mastoidectomy.
16. The meaning and types of tympanoplasty.
17. Clinical presentation, diagnostics and teatment of otosclerosis.
18. Traumatic injuries of the external, middle and inner ear.
19. Noise associated, infectious and toxic lesions of the inner ear.
20. Ménière’s syndrome and Ménière’s disease. Therapeutic options.
21. Differential diagnosis of BPPV, vestibular neuronitis and Ménière’s disease.
22. Acute and chronic sensorineural hearing loss.
23. The hard of hearing and deaf child’s symptoms, examination and treatment. Infants’ screening of hearing.
24. Cochlear implantation. Implantable hearing aids.
25. Function of the nose. Anatomy and physiology of the nose and paranasal sinuses.
26. Physical examination, endoscopy and modern imaging of the nose and paranasal sinuses.
27. Injuries, inflammatiory diseases and tumors of the external nose.
28. Blood supply of the nasal cavity. Causes and management of nasal bleeding.
29. Causes of reduced nasal ventillation. Septum devation, smelling disorders.
30. Types of rhinitides.
31. Injuries of the paranasal sinuses, facial skeleton, anterior skull base.
32. Acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, principles of treatment.
33. Endoscopic sinus surgery, extended applications.
34. Complications of sinusitis.
35. Benign and malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses. Principles of treatment.
II.
36. Anatomy, physiology and examination of the pharynx.
37. Symptoms, causes and diagnostics of sleep apnoe.
38. Diseases of the nasopharynx. Symptoms adenoid hyperplasia.
39. Inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity and the pharynx.
40. Tonsillitis, angina and mononucleosis.
41. Complications of acute tonsillitis. Peritonsillar abscess.
42. Chronic tonsillitis. Tonsillectomy.
43. Benign tumors and precancerous lesions of the oral cavity and the pharynx.
44. Malignant tumors of the oral cavity, tongue and the oropharynx.
45. Anatomy of the neck: neck spaces; vessels, nerves and lymphatic system of the neck.
46. Malformations of the neck. Inflammatory diseases of the soft tissue of the neck.
47. Differential diagnosis of swelling at the neck.
48. Inflammatory diseases, degenerative diseases and tumors of the thyroid gland.
49. Inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands. Sialoadenopathies.
50. Benign and malignant tumors of the salivary glands.
51. Anatomy and physiology of the larynx.
52. Examination of the larynx. Symptoms of laryngeal diseases.
53. Symptoms, causes and diagnostics of vocal fold immobility. Laterofixation.
54. Tracheotomy, cricothyrotomy (coniotomy). Indication and implementation of endothracheal intubation.
55. Acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the larynx.
56. Degenerative laryngeal diseases and benign tumors of the larynx. Laryngeal edema, hereditary angioedema.
57. Malignancies of the larynx and hypopharynx.
58. Postoperative care of patients after larynx surgery. Means of speach rehabilitation.
59. Diseases of the trachea, foreign body in the airways.
60. Examination and diseases of the esophagus. Dysphagia. Foreign body in the esophagus.
61. Disorders of phonation and speech. Modern examination tools of phoniatry.
62. The role of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal malignancies.
63. Regions of the neck. Neck lymph node dissections.
64. Partial laryngectomies.
65. Total laryngectomy. Means of speach rehabilitation after total laryngectomy.
66. Therapeutic options in the complex therapy of head and neck cancer.