Daily experiences affect the timing rather than the structure of sleep<\/p>\n
Annals of Behavioral Medicine, Volume 60, Issue 1, 2026, kaag003<\/p>\n
DOI: 10.1093\/abm\/kaag003<\/a><\/p>\n P\u00e9ter Przemyslaw Ujma, R\u00f3bert B\u00f3dizs<\/p>\n Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary<\/p>\n Sleep characteristics may be affected by daytime experiences, a fact that can be leveraged by nonpharmacological interventions to improve sleep.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n To investigate the effect of daily experiences on sleep in an ecologically valid within-participant design.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n We leverage the Budapest Sleep, Traits and Experiences Study, a large multiday observational study (N<\/em>\u2009=\u20091901 nights in total) with extensive daily diaries and mobile electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings conducted for at least 7\u2009days per participant to investigate how naturally occurring daily experiences such as social activity, emotional involvement, or mental strain affect sleep during the subsequent night.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n The strongest influence was on the timing of sleep onset: Even after controlling for day of the week, sleep onset occurred later after more experience-rich days and pleasurable activities (B<\/em>\u2009=\u20090.05-0.89\u2009hours,\u00a0P<\/em>max<\/sub>\u2009=\u2009.002). After statistically accounting for this extended wakefulness, we found limited evidence that daily experiences influence sleep characteristics. Only 4 effects survived correction for multiple comparisons: Sleep (B<\/em>\u2009=\u200923\u2009minutes,\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009=\u2009.002) and N3 duration (B<\/em>\u2009=\u20096\u2009minutes,\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009=\u2009.003) were longer after days with time at the workplace, rapid eye movement (REM) latency was increased after social activity (B<\/em>\u2009=\u20098.6\u2009minutes,\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009<\u2009.001), and sleep onset latency was reduced after alcohol consumption (B<\/em>\u2009=\u2009\u22121.1\u2009minute,\u00a0P<\/em>\u2009=\u2009.004).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Our work shows that, aside from homeostatic effects resulting from extended wakefulness, sleep is relatively resilient to and only affected by a few distinct daytime experiences. Nonpharmacological interventions seeking to change sleep may need to utilize behavioral modifications exceeding normal day-to-day variation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Keywords<\/p>\n diary<\/a>,\u00a0mobile EEG<\/a>,\u00a0sleep homeostasis<\/a>,\u00a0multiday observational study<\/a>,\u00a0daily experiences<\/a>,\u00a0circadian rhythms<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Abstract<\/h2>\n