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<\/p>\nAz id\u0151s\u00f6d\u0151 n\u00e9pess\u00e9g ar\u00e1ny\u00e1nak n\u00f6veked\u00e9se vil\u00e1gszerte \u00e9szlelhet\u0151 demogr\u00e1fiai folyamat. A k\u00f6z\u00e9p- \u00e9s kelet-eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gokban ez az \u00e1talakul\u00e1s jelent\u0151s kih\u00edv\u00e1s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi ell\u00e1t\u00f3rendszerek sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A tanulm\u00e1nyban a legh\u00e1tr\u00e1nyosabb helyzet\u0171 magyar r\u00e9gi\u00f3 v\u00e1rosi \u00e9s vid\u00e9ki ter\u00fcletein \u00e9l\u0151 id\u0151sek eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gi \u00e1llapot\u00e1nak \u00e9s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tel\u00e9nek \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t v\u00e9gezt\u00e9k el egy 2022-ben \u00c9szakkelet-Magyarorsz\u00e1gon a szerz\u0151k \u00e1ltal tervezett \u00e9s 443 id\u0151s feln\u0151tt (\u2265 65 \u00e9v) v\u00e9letlenszer\u0171en kiv\u00e1lasztott mint\u00e1j\u00e1n elv\u00e9gzett \u00e1tfog\u00f3 felm\u00e9r\u00e9s eredm\u00e9nyei alapj\u00e1n 443 id\u0151s feln\u0151tt (\u2265 65 \u00e9v) v\u00e9letlenszer\u0171en kiv\u00e1lasztott mint\u00e1j\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
A v\u00e1rosi id\u0151sek (27,8%; vid\u00e9k:19,7%) \u00e9rt\u00e9kelt\u00e9k nagyobb ar\u00e1nyban eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gi \u00e1llapotukat nagyon j\u00f3nak vagy j\u00f3nak, m\u00edg a mindennapi tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9geik korl\u00e1tozotts\u00e1g\u00e1t a vid\u00e9kiek (63,5%; v\u00e1ros: 52,6%) jelezt\u00e9k nagyobb gyakoris\u00e1ggal. A t\u00f6bbv\u00e1ltoz\u00f3s logisztikus regresszi\u00f3s elemz\u00e9sek eredm\u00e9nyei szerint a v\u00e1rosi lakoss\u00e1g eset\u00e9ben nagyobb val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ggel t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt meg az okkult v\u00e9rz\u00e9s kimutat\u00e1s\u00e1t c\u00e9lz\u00f3 sz\u00e9kletvizsg\u00e1lat, vid\u00e9ken pedig v\u00e9rnyom\u00e1s \u00e9s v\u00e9rcukorszint m\u00e9r\u00e9s volt gyakoribb. Ezen eredm\u00e9nyek r\u00e1mutatnak a magyar id\u0151skor\u00fa n\u00e9pess\u00e9g k\u00f6r\u00e9ben a lak\u00f3hely \u00e9s az eg\u00e9szs\u00e9g\u00fcgyi szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tel\u00e9nek \u00f6sszef\u00fcgg\u00e9seire, s a kiel\u00e9g\u00edtetlen sz\u00fcks\u00e9gletek azonos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t is lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi. Fontos megjegyezni, hogy a magas korai hal\u00e1loz\u00e1si ar\u00e1ny a vid\u00e9ki lakosok k\u00f6r\u00e9ben azt eredm\u00e9nyezheti, hogy a legvesz\u00e9lyeztetettebb n\u00e9pess\u00e9gcsoportok m\u00e1r be sem ker\u00fclhettek ebbe a vizsg\u00e1latba, ami alapj\u00e1n az id\u0151s vid\u00e9ki lakoss\u00e1g eg\u00e9szs\u00e9gi \u00e1llapota a t\u00e9nylegesn\u00e9l kedvez\u0151bbnek t\u0171nhet a vizsg\u00e1lat eredm\u00e9nyei alapj\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
Nora Kovacs<\/em> (Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen; 2ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen), Abstract
\nPeter Piko<\/em> (Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen; Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Laboratory for Health Security, Semmelweis University),
\nAttila Juhasz<\/em> (Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Laboratory for Health Security, Semmelweis University),
\nCsilla Nagy<\/em> (Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Laboratory for Health Security, Semmelweis University),
\nBeatrix Oroszi<\/em> (Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Laboratory for Health Security, Semmelweis University),
\nZoltan Ungvari<\/em> (Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Departments of Public Health and Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University; The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center),
\nRoza Adany<\/em> (Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen; ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen; Center for Epidemiology and Surveillance, National Laboratory for Health Security, Semmelweis University; Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University)<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong><\/span>The demographic transition poses a significant challenge for health systems, especially in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, where the healthcare needs of aging populations are on the rise. This study aimed to describe and compare the health status and utilization of health services among the elderly residing in urban and rural areas of the most deprived region in Hungary. A comprehensive health survey was conducted in 2022, involving a randomly selected sample of 443 older adults (\u2265\u200965 years) in Northeast Hungary. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, education, financial status, chronic diseases, and activity limitations were used to investigate the association between type of residence and health service use. Among the study participants, 62.3% were female, 38.3% attained primary education, 12.5% reported a bad or very bad financial situation and 52.6% lived in urban areas. Overall, 24% of the elderly rated their health as very good or good (27.8% in urban and 19.7% in rural areas), while 57.8% (52.6% and 63.5% in urban and rural areas) reported limitations in daily activities. Compared to urban residents, rural residents reported lower rates of dentist visits (p\u2009=\u20090.006), specialist visits (p\u2009=\u20090.028), faecal occult blood testing (p\u2009<\u20090.001), colorectal cancer screening with colonoscopy (p\u2009=\u20090.014), and breast cancer screening (p\u2009=\u20090.035), and a higher rate of blood pressure measurement (p\u2009=\u20090.042). Multivariable models indicated that urban residence was positively associated with faecal occult blood testing (OR\u2009=\u20092.32, p\u2009=\u20090.014), but negatively associated with blood pressure (OR\u2009=\u20090.42, p\u2009=\u20090.017) and blood glucose measurements (OR\u2009=\u20090.48, p\u2009=\u20090.009). These findings highlight the influence of residence on health service utilization among older adults in Hungary. Further comprehensive studies are needed to better understand the health needs of the elderly population and to develop policies aimed at promoting healthy aging in CEE countries.<\/p>\n
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