{"id":25574,"date":"2021-04-20T11:19:12","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T09:19:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/?p=25574"},"modified":"2021-04-23T00:16:33","modified_gmt":"2021-04-22T22:16:33","slug":"research-led-by-semmelweis-university-may-improve-the-treatment-of-gastric-disorders-caused-by-infection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/2021\/04\/research-led-by-semmelweis-university-may-improve-the-treatment-of-gastric-disorders-caused-by-infection\/","title":{"rendered":"Research led by Semmelweis University may improve the treatment of gastric disorders caused by infection"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>The issue of resistant bacteria is one of the largest global health challenges. Researchers at Semmelweis University, in collaboration with a staff member from the Bolyai Institute of the University of Szeged, have developed an mathematical model that examines the relation between the infection causing gastric disorders and antibiotic resistance. Their study has recently \u00a0been published in the prestigious journal <em>Nature Communications<\/em>.<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-25572\" src=\"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/files\/2021\/04\/dr-lotz-g\u00e1bor-400x300-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" \/><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer \u2013\u00a0these are\u00a0serious diseases that\u00a0may\u00a0be caused by\u00a0Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The basic drugs used\u00a0for the eradication of\u00a0the infection include antibiotics containing the active substance\u00a0called\u00a0clarithromycin, a member of the macrolide family.\u00a0In recent years, however, physicians have found that the failure rate of eradication treatments is due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. In addition, this active\u00a0substance\u00a0or\u00a0the\u00a0similar, so-called macrolide-type antibiotics are also used\u00a0for the treatment of several\u00a0other diseases, which may also contribute to the increased prevalence of resistance.\u00a0In order to find out why resistance develops,\u00a0Dr. G\u00e1bor Lotz,\u00a0associate\u00a0professor of the\u00a02nd\u00a0Department of\u00a0Pathology and\u00a0Dr. \u00c9va Kocsm\u00e1r, a PhD fellow at the\u00a0department,\u00a0in cooperation with their colleagues\u00a0examined\u00a0fixed\u00a0gastric\u00a0tissue (biopsy samples)\u00a0from\u00a0H. Pylori-infected\u00a0patients to identify\u00a0the\u00a0clarithromycin resistance\u00a0of the bacteria. A detailed analysis was done on the macrolide dispensing data for the same patients (available through a prescription database\u00a0of the\u00a0National Health Insurance Fund) correlated with the frequency of resistance. The results showed that some patients had no record of taking a macrolide-type antibiotic, yet they were infected with a resistant bacteria (primary resistant infection).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In order to reveal the source of these primary resistance cases, Dr. Gergely R\u00f6st, mathematician at the Bolyai Institute of the University of Szeged, in collaboration with research physicians, set up a new epidemiological model. He\u00a0examined\u00a0the resistance status of 4,744 patients and their previous macrolide antibiotic\u00a0consumption.\u00a0The model lists in detail the transmission potential (transmission pathways) of antibiotic-sensitive and resistant H. pylori with equations, thus showing the spread of infections by considering the drug consumption in the population\u00a0dynamics. The model is suitable to cast light on underlying unknown parameters such as primary resistance. Calculations have shown that the vast majority of these patients\u00a0were already infected with the resistant bacteria (so in their case, the pathogen is likely to be resistant due to another person taking antibiotics). Epidemic dynamics have also shown that reduced consumption of macrolides for other diseases would reduce resistance to future antibiotic treatments\u00a0in the case of\u00a0H. pylori.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fontos_div\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201cInternational examples also show that rationalizing the indications for antibiotic treatments may significantly reduce antibiotic consumption and mitigate the further increase in resistance in the population\u201d, explained Dr. G\u00e1bor Lotz.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span lang=\"en-US\">As Dr. G\u00e1bor Lotz emphasized, the spread of resistant bacteria is one of the largest global health challenges. Such research greatly contributes to the development of treatment protocols that reduce this risk. The research is also a great example of how collaboration between physicians and mathematicians can lead to valuable, new scientific results.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The publication <\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">has recently been published<\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> in the prestigious journal <\/span><em><span lang=\"en-US\">Nature Communications<\/span><\/em><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"keretes w-100\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" align=\"justify\">Kocsm\u00e1r, \u00c9., et al. Primary and secondary clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori and mathematical modeling of the role of macrolides. Nat Commun 12, 2255 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-22557-7<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-22557-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-22557-7<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\" align=\"left\">\u00c1d\u00e1m Szab\u00f3<br \/>\nSource: Dr. G\u00e1bor Lotz, 2nd Department of Pathology<br \/>\nPhoto: The Nature Portfolio Microbiology Community; the photo was taken by the author<br \/>\nTranslation: Katalin Ill\u00e9s-Romh\u00e1nyi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A paper about the relationship between H. pylori infection and antibiotic resistance has been published in Nature Communications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":101126,"featured_media":25573,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,2],"tags":[29],"class_list":["post-25574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","category-news","tag-research"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/101126"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25574"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25660,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25574\/revisions\/25660"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/semmelweis.hu\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}